Aeronautical apparatus.



Patented Aug. 5; 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

S. PAIIMOWSKI & W. CHWALKOWSKI. ABRONAUTICAL APPARATUS.

APPLIGAIIONY FILED JUNE 14, 1911.

1,069,346. Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

i fi I Int-$21507 625 M11 fig. 4'

invention.

Flgure 1 1s afront elevation of a mono.-

UNITED STATES PATENT ormon STANISLAUS PAL'MOWSKI AND W INGENT CHWALKOWSKI, 0F YORK, N. Y.

AERONAUTIGAL APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 5,1913.

Application filed June 14, 1911. Serial No. 633,176.

reference to aeroplanes.

The invention has mainly for its object improvements in the general construction and arrangement of the supporting surfaces and control devices more particularly as applied in the monoplane type of aeroplane.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated a preferred modification .of my plane type of machine and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of such a machine. Fig. 4 an enlarged view of part of the frame structure with parts broken away. Fig. 5 a side view of the same with parts broken away showing the method of connecting the main surfaces. Fig. 6 an enlarged view with part broken away illustrating the worm and pinion mechanism shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. 7 a front elevation of the hand lever device for operating the surfaces and Fig. 8 an end view of the same.

9 is the main framework of the machine mounted upon the wheels 10 supported by uprights 19 suitably supported by braces such as 20 and within these uprights are preferably mounted the inner extremities of the surfaces 21 and 22 which may be rotated upon their longitudinal axes by control cables such as 23 and 24.

The method of mounting and controlling the supporting surfaces is shown to better advantage in Figs. 4 to 8 inclusive. In Fig. 5 the abutting ends of the longitudinal-axes of the surfaces 21 and 22 are indicated by reference characters 25 and 26 upon the extremities of which are mounted the collars 27 and 28. These collars are provided with annular grooves to accommodate ball bearings such as 29 as shown and the collars are preferably retained in the outer collar 30 as shown. From this arrangement it will be seen that either surface 21 or 22 may be rotated independently or they may ber'itated together. WVhen rotated independently or oppositely the collars 27 and 28 move relatively upon the balls 29 and the combination is retained in position by the outer collar bearing 30. Upon each of the shafts 2526 is suitably keyed or secured gears such as 25' 26 suitably secured within outer casings as shown, said casings also serving as bearings for the shafts 31 and 32 upon the ends of which may be mounted worms such as 33. Atthe opposite extremities of the shafts 31-32 are also preferably mounted beveled gears such as 34 and the end of the shaft may be retained in a suitable bearlng as shown in Fig. 8, said bearing also providing support for the hand crank shaft 35 carrying the beveled pinion 36, so that when the crank 37 is operated the beveled pmion 36 rotates the beveled pinion 34 which 1n turn drives the worm '33 thereby rotating the gear 25 and the longitudinal shaft 25 of the supporting surface. The disk plate 38 may be held rigid in any suitable manner and may be provided with'holes such as 39 to receive the point 40 of the handle 41 of the lever 37, so that after rotating a supporting surface it may be retained in the pin 40 with any desired hole in the plate 38, thus securing the supporting surface at any desired angle;

Of course it will be understood that each surfacehas a separate hand crank control mechanism and that they may be accordingly operated at will. These hand cranks are preferably located in front of the seat 42 of the operator as indlcated 1n Flg. 2 so as to be within convenient reach of the operator.

43 is a foot control lever havmgsecured at opposite extremities the cables 44 and 45 which pass rearwardly to the vertlcal ruddesired position by the engagement of the 2 instead 7 der 46 which may be rotated upon the vertical axis 47 to direct the lateral course of the machine.

48 is the tail of the machine and 419 the movable portion thereof the same being ada ted to be raised or lowered at the will of t e operator.

It will also be observed that a wheel such as 50 may be provided beneath the rear portion of the mainframework upon a suitable shaft such as 51 as shown.

In controlling the machine it will be readily understood that the surfaces may present a positive angle of incidence and the tail a negative angle of incidence to permit of a sharp ascent, or when the surfaces present a positive angle of incidence, the tail may also be given a positive angle of incidence, thus. causing the machine to ascend with its longitudinal beam maintained more horizontally according to the will or needs of the operator. It will be further understood that with a construction of this kind the lateral balance of the machine may be controlled by difierentiating the angles ofincidence of the supporting surfaces on op osite sides of the machine.

\ f course it will be understood that varition as set forth in the claims.

We claim:

In combination with rotatable surfaces of an aeronautical apparatus, axes upon which said surfaces are mounted, said axes having abutting flanges and a guide to retain the same in position, gears upon said axes within outer casings, screws upon shafts mounted within said casings and meshing with said gears, spurs upon the other ends of said shafts meshing with beveled pinions, and means for rotating either of said beveled pinio-ns separately in either direction, said means comprising cranks carrying said beveled pinions and perforated disks adjacent thereto, each of said cranks having a pin .to engage the perforations of one of said disks.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

STANISLAUS PALMOWSKI. WINCENT OALKOWSKI.

Wltnesses:

. WALTER Onowms, Lomsn ENDERLE. 

